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1 comment:
Everything is done in time, and any question posed by the researcher, should also be considered at a time. The provision does not require proof, but take any profile and if you score out of a hundred at least a dozen questions, which will indicate the time of an event, then you are lucky. Inattention to the temporal parameter in question leads to misinterpretation of studied events.
It seems to be easy to ask the question "do You drink coffee?". What here not to understand and how can there be a discrepancy? However, the answers may be quite the opposite with the introduction of a temporal parameter. In the morning always and with great pleasure, the day can be the evening in any case. In essence the variants of the issue we are talking about three different events that reflect the different objective reality. In one case, i.e. when not specified the exact time, in an implicit form given a certain average uncertain time. In another case coffee can be regarded as an element of Breakfast that increase alertness, etc. otherwise, the consumption of coffee is associated with its impact on sleep, etc. Here possible interpretations of the conceptual design "do You drink coffee?" in various temporary situations.
Each form reflects the condition of an event. Define a time parameter is an indication of the specific objective reality, and therefore a clear definition of what studying the question, i.e. its content.
In the Russian language uses different values of time forms, each of which reflects a long evolution of language development and, accordingly, the complication of social relationships. Now we will not analyze all values of time forms in interrogative sentences, although that is very important and it is essential for competent construction of the question, because it has a very significant contrast to the use of time forms in declarative sentences. We mention only some fundamental aspects of the use of different forms of time in question and accordingly their influence on the respondents ' answers.
Now. First of all, it should be noted that the use of this form of time in a sociological questionnaire differs from its use in natural speech. So, in the questionnaire we cannot ask about present, in the proper sense of the word, for example: "Tell me, please, whether now rain?" (maybe only except for special occasions), as this present for the researcher and the Respondent always different.
Sociologists often use real long time, for example: "do You Go to the movies?", "Whether the TV?". Here the time is not specified, but implied a constant for a long time. But it also has its limits, without definition of which is lost and often the meaning of the question, and in determining which content of the response may be different. It can be very extended to infinity ("I live forever") and limited to year, month, week, etc. For example, the question "Are You able to buy the Japanese color TV?", if the time parameter is not specified, it is likely many will respond that, in principle, Yes (in my life maybe you can save enough money). But if a time limit of "within one month", it is unlikely that we will get a lot of positive responses, at least from respondents with a low level of income. The positive responses as well as negative, characterize well-defined group of respondents by income, social status, etc. Of course, the answers to these different questions according to a time parameter will be correct, but reflect objective reality, a different social reality.
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